[T.sub.3] and [T.sub.4] (porcine derived). Thyroid 15mg (1/4 grain), 30mg (1/2 grain), 60mg (1 grain), 90mg (1 + 1/2 grain), 120mg (2 grains), 180mg (3 grains)+ , 240mg (4 grains), 300mg (5 grains) + ; tabs; +scored. Each grain of thyroid contains liothyronine ([T.sub.3]) 9 micrograms and levothyroxine ([T.sub.4]) 38micrograms.
Indications: Hypothyroidism.
Adults: Hypothyroidism: initially 30mg daily (long-standing myxedema: initially 15mg daily); increase by 15mg every 2-3 weeks; usual maintenance: 60-120mg daily. Myxedema coma: see literature.
Children: Hypothyroidism: <6months: 4.8-6mg/kg daily. 6-12months: 3.6-4.8mg/kg daily; 1-5yrs: 3-3.6mg/kg daily; 6-12yrs: 2.4-3mg/kg daily; [greater than or equal to] 12 yrs: 1.2-1.8mg/kg daily.
Contraindications: Uncorrected adrenocortical insufficiency. Untreated thyrotoxicosis.
Warnings/Precautions: Not for treatment of obesity. Cardiovascular disease, angina, elderly: use lower initial dose. Adrenocortical insufficiency. Monitor for craniosynostosis in infants. Pregnancy (Cat.A). Nursing mothers.
Interactions: Monitor oral anticoagulants, hypoglycemics. Estrogens affect thyroid function tests. Toxicity with large doses of sympathomimetics (eg, anorectics).
Adverse reactions: Hyperthyroidism, transient hair loss in children.
Generic availability: NO
How supplied: Tabs 15mg, 90mg, 240mg, 300mg--100 30mg, 120mg, 180mg--100, 1000 60mg--100, 1000, 5000
CYTOMEL King Rx
[T.sub.3] (synthetic). Liothyronine sodium 5micrograms, 25micrograms, 50micrograms; tabs.
Indications: Hypothyroidism.
Adults: Hypothyroidism: initially 25micrograms daily; may increase by up to 25micrograms every 1-2 weeks; usual maintenance 25-75micrograms daily. Myxedema, simple goiter: initially 5micrograms daily; may increase by 5-10micrograms daily every 1-2 weeks to 25micrograms daily, then may increase by 5-25micrograms every 1-2 weeks (myxedema) or by 12.5 or 25micrograms daily every 1-2 weeks (simple goiter). Maintenance: myxedema: 50-100micrograms/day; simple goiter: 75micrograms/day.
Children: Initially 5micrograms daily; may increase by 5micrograms daily every 3-4 days. Cretinism: maintenance dose: <1yr: 20micrograms/day. 1-3 yrs: 50micrograms/day. >3yrs: as adult.
Elderly: Initially 5micrograms daily; may increase by 5micrograms every 1-2 weeks.
Contraindications: Uncorrected adrenocortical insufficiency. Untreated thyrotoxicosis.
Warnings/Precautions: Not for treatment of obesity. Cardiovascular disease, angina, elderly: use lower initial dose. Adrenocortical insufficiency. Monitor for craniosynostosis in infants. Pregnancy (Cat.A). Nursing mothers.
Interactions: Monitor oral anticoagulants, hypoglycemics, digoxin. Estrogens affect thyroid function tests. Monitor for hypertension with ketamine. Toxicity with larger doses of sympathomimetics (eg, anorectics).
Adverse reactions: Hyperthyroidism, transient hair loss in children.
Generic availability: YES
How supplied: Tabs--100
LEVOTHROID Forest Rx
[T.sub.4] (synthetic). Levothyroxine sodium 25micrograms, 50micrograms, 75micrograms, 88micrograms, 100micrograms, 112micrograms, 125micrograms, 137micrograms, 150micrograms, 175micrograms, 200micrograms, 300micrograms; tabs.
Indications: Hypothyroidism.
Adults: Maintenance: 100-200micrograms daily. Complications: titrate dose.
Children: <6months: 8-10micrograms/kg per day. 6months-1yr: 6-8micrograms/kg per day. 1-5yrs: 5-6micrograms/kg per day. 6-12yrs: 4-5micrograms/kg per day.
Contraindications: Thyrotoxicosis. Acute MI. Uncorrected adrenal insufficiency.
Warnings/Precautions: Not for treatment of obesity. Cardiovascular disease. Diabetes. Adrenal insufficiency. Increased sensitivity in myxedema, severe hypothyroidism. Pregnancy (Cat.A). Nursing mothers.
Interactions: Potentiates sympathomimetics. Monitor antihyperglycemics, oral anticoagulants.
Adverse reactions: Hyperthyroidism; transient hair loss in children.
Generic availability: YES
How supplied: Tabs--100
LEVOXYL King Rx
[T.sub.4] (synthetic). Levothyroxine sodium 25micrograms, 50micrograms (dye-free), 75micrograms, 88micrograms, 100micrograms, 112micrograms, 125micrograms, 137micrograms, 150micrograms, 175micrograms, 200micrograms, 300micrograms; scored tabs.
Indications: Hypothyroidism.
Adults: Take in AM on empty stomach. Hypothyroidism: 1.7micrograms/kg once daily. >50yrs, or <50yrs with cardiovascular disease: initially 25-50micrograms once daily; titrate in increments of 12.5-25micrograms every 6-8 weeks. Elderly with cardiovascular disease: initially 12.5-25micrograms once daily; titrate in increments of 12.5-25micrograms every 4-6 weeks. Usual max 200micrograms/day. Severe hypothyroidism: initially 12.5-25micrograms once daily; titrate in increments of 25micrograms/day every 4 weeks. Subclinical hypothyroidism, secondary or tertiary hypothyroidism: see literature.
Children: Give once daily on empty stomach. May crush tabs and mix in 5-10mL water. Hypothyroidism: 0-3months: 10-15micrograms/kg per day; 3-6months: 8-10micrograms/kg per day; 6-12months: 6-8micrograms/kg per day; 1-5yrs: 5-6micrograms/kg per day; 6-12yrs: 4-5micrograms/kg per day; >12yrs: 2-3micrograms/kg per day; growth and puberty complete: as adult. Chronic or severe hypothyroidism: initially 25micrograms/day; titrate in increments of 25micrograms every 4weeks. Infants with serum [T.sub.4] <5mcg/dL: initially 50micrograms/day.
Contraindications: Uncorrected adrenal insufficiency. Untreated thyrotoxicosis. Acute MI.
Warnings/Precautions: Not for treatment of obesity or infertility. Cardiovascular disease. Seizures. Adrenocortical insufficiency. Increased sensitivity in severe hypothyroidism. Autonomous thyroid tissue. Myxedema coma: use IV levothyroxine. Elderly. Pregnancy (Cat. A); do not discontinue due to pregnancy. Nursing mothers.
Interactions: See literature. Absorption reduced by some foods (eg, soy, fiber), aluminum and magnesium hydroxide, simethicone, calcium carbonate, sodium polystyrene sulfonate, bile acid sequestrants, iron, sucralfate (give at least 4 hrs apart). Potentiates, and is potentiated by, tri- and tetracyclic antidepressants, sympathomimetics. Antagonized by hepatic enzyme inducers (eg, carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, rifampin), sertraline. Antagonizes digoxin. Marked hypertension and tachycardia with ketamine. Estrogens affect thyroid function tests. Monitor oral anticoagulants, antidiabetic agents, theophylline.
Adverse reactions: Hyperthyroidism, decreased bone mineral density, transient alopecia; seizures (rare); pseudotumor cerebri in children.
Generic availability: YES
How supplied: Tabs--100, 1000
Propylthiouracil (various) Rx
Antithyroid. Propylthiouracil 50mg; scored tabs; contains docusate sodium.
Indications: Hyperthyroidism.
Adults: Give in 3 equally divided doses every 8 hrs. Initially 300mg/day. Severe conditions: initially 400mg/day; max 900mg/day. Maintenance: 100-150mg/day.
Children: Give in 3 equally divided doses every 8 hrs. <6yrs: not recommended. 6-10yrs: initially 50-150mg/day. [greater than or equal to] 10yrs: initially 150-300mg/day.
Contraindications: Nursing mothers.
Warnings/Precautions: Monitor blood. Discontinue if hepatic dysfunction, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, fever, or exfoliative dermatitis occurs. Pregnancy (Cat.D).
Interactions: May potentiate anticoagulants. Caution with other drugs that may cause agranulocytosis.
Adverse reactions: Rash, urticaria, GI upset, arthralgia, paresthesia, taste loss/perversion, hair loss, myalgia, headache, drowsiness, edema, vertigo, jaundice, blood dycrasias, lupus-like syndrome, drug fever, hepatitis, hypoprothrombinemia.
How supplied: Tabs--100, 1000
SYNTHROID Abbott Rx
[T.sub.4] (synthetic). Levothyroxine sodium 25micrograms, 50micrograms (dye-free), 75micrograms, 88micrograms, 100micrograms, 112micrograms, 125micrograms, 137micrograms, 150micrograms, 175micrograms, 200micrograms, 300micrograms; scored tabs.
Indications: Hypothyroidism.
Adults: Take in AM on empty stomach. Hypothyroidism: 1.7micrograms/kg once daily. >50yrs, or <50yrs with cardiovascular disease: initially 25-50micrograms once daily; titrate in increments of 12.5-25micrograms every 6-8 weeks. Elderly with cardiovascular disease: initially 12.5-25micrograms once daily; titrate in increments of 12.5-25micrograms every 4-6 weeks. Usual max 200micrograms/day. Severe hypothyroidism: initially 12.5-25micrograms once daily; titrate in increments of 25micrograms/day every 4 weeks. Subclinical hypothyroidism, secondary or tertiary hypothyroidism: see literature.
Children: Give once daily on empty stomach. May crush tabs and mix in 5-10mL water. Hypothyroidism: 0-3months: 10-15micrograms/kg per day; 3-6months: 8-10micrograms/kg per day; 6-12months: 6-8micrograms/kg per day; 1-5yrs: 5-6micrograms/kg per day; 6-12yrs: 4-5micrograms/kg per day; >12yrs: 2-3micrograms/kg per day; growth and puberty complete: as adult. Chronic or severe hypothyroidism: initially 25micrograms/day; titrate in increments of 25micrograms every 4weeks. Infants with serum [T.sub.4]<5mcg/dL: initially 50micrograms/day.
Also: SYNTHROID INJECTION Rx
Levothyroxine sodium 200micrograms, 500micrograms; pwd for IV or IM inj after reconstitution.
Indications: Rapid induction in hypothyroidism or myxedema coma, if oral route not feasible.
Adults: Myxedema coma: 200-500micrograms IV once (may reduce dose in cardiovascular disease), may give 100-300micrograms (or more) IV on second day if needed, then 50-100micrograms IV daily; switch to oral form and dose as soon as feasible. Hypothyroidism: 1/2 oral dose by IV or IM inj; titrate.
Children: Consult manufacturer.
Contraindications: Uncorrected adrenal insufficiency. Untreated thyrotoxicosis. Acute MI.
Warnings/Precautions: Not for treatment of obesity or infertility. Cardiovascular disease. Seizures. Adrenocortical insufficiency. Increased sensitivity in severe hypothyroidism. Autonomous thyroid tissue. Elderly. Pregnancy (Cat. A); do not discontinue due to pregnancy. Nursing mothers.
Interactions: See literature. Absorption reduced by some foods (eg, soy, fiber), aluminum and magnesium hydroxide, simethicone, calcium carbonate, sodium polystyrene sulfonate, bile acid sequestrants, iron, sucralfate (give at least 4 hrs apart). Potentiates,, and is potentiated by, tri- and tetracyclic antidepressants, sympathomimetics. Antagonized by hepatic enzyme inducers (eg, carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, rifampin), sertraline. Antagonizes digoxin. Marked hypertension and tachycardia with ketamine. Estrogens affect thyroid function tests. Monitor oral anticoagulants, antidiabetic agents, theophylline.
Adverse reactions: Hyperthyroidism, decreased bone mineral density, transient alopecia; seizures (rare); pseudotumor cerebri in children. Generic availability: YES
How supplied: Tabs--100, 1000 Single dose vials (10mL)--1
TAPAZOLE King Rx
Antithyroid. Methimazole 5mg, 10mg; scored tabs.
Indications: Hyperthyroidism.
Adults: Initially 15-60mg daily in 3 divided doses, depending on severity of disease. Maintenance: 5-15mg daily.
Children: Initially 0.4mg/kg daily in 3 divided doses. Maintenance: 1/2 initial dose.
Contraindications: Nursing mothers.
Warnings/Precautions: Discontinue if agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, exfoliate dermatitis, hepatitis, or elevated liver transaminases (3 x ULN) occurs. Monitor prothrombin time, WBC, bone marrow function. Pregnancy (Cat.D).
Interactions: Potentiates anticoagulants.
Adverse reactions: Rash, GI disturbances, arthralgia, paresthesia, hair and taste loss, agranulocytosis, blood dyscrasias, aplastic anemia, hepatic dysfunction, drug fever, lupus-like syndrome, insulin autoimmune syndrome, periarteritis; nephritis (rare).
Generic availability: YES
How supplied: Tabs--100
UNITHROID Watson Rx
[T.sub.4] (synthetic). Levothyroxine sodium 25micrograms, 50micrograms (dye-free), 75micrograms, 88micrograms, 100micrograms, 112micrograms, 125micrograms, 150micrograms, 175micrograms, 200micrograms, 300micrograms; scored tabs.
Indications: Hypothyroidism.
Adults: Take in AM on empty stomach. Hypothyroidism: 1.7micrograms/kg once daily. >50yrs, or <50yrs with cardiovascular disease: initially 25-50micrograms once daily; titrate in increments of 12.5-25micrograms every 4-6 weeks. Elderly with cardiovascular disease: initially 12.5-25micrograms once daily; titrate in increments of 12.5-25micrograms every 4-6 weeks. Usual max 200micrograms/day. Severe hypothyroidism: initially 12.5-25micrograms once daily; titrate in increments of 25micrograms/day every 4 weeks. Subclinical hypothyroidism, secondary or tertiary hypothyroidism: see literature.
Children: Give once daily on empty stomach. May crush tabs and mix in 5-10mL water. Hypothyroidism: 0-3months: 10-15micrograms/kg per day; 3-6months: 8-10micrograms/kg per day; 6-12months: 6-8micrograms/kg per day; 1-5yrs: 5-6micrograms/kg per day; 6-12yrs: 4-5micrograms/kg per day; >12yrs: 2-3micrograms/kg per day; growth and puberty complete: as adult. Chronic or severe hypothyroidism: initially 25micrograms/day; titrate in increments of 25micrograms every 4weeks. Infants with serum [T.sub.4] <5mcg/dL: initially 50micrograms/day.
Contraindications: Uncorrected adrenal insufficiency. Untreated thyrotoxicosis. Acute MI.
Warnings/Precautions: Not for treatment of obesity or infertility. Cardiovascular disease. Seizures. Adrenocortical insufficiency. Increased sensitivity in severe hypothyroidism. Autonomous thyroid tissue. Myxedema coma: use IV levothyroxine. Elderly. Pregnancy (Cat. A); do not discontinue due to pregnancy. Nursing mothers.
Interactions: See literature. Absorption reduced by some foods (eg, soy, fiber), aluminum and magnesium hydroxide, simethicone, calcium carbonate, sodium polystyrene sulfonate, bile acid sequestrants, iron, sucralfate (give at least 4 hrs apart). Potentiates, and is potentiated by, tri- and tetracyclic antidepressants, sympathomimetics. Antagonized by hepatic enzyme inducers (eg, carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, rifampin), sertraline. Antagonizes digoxin. Marked hypertension and tachycardia with ketamine. Estrogens affect thyroid function tests. Monitor oral anticoagulants, antidiabetic agents, theophylline.
Adverse reactions: Hyperthyroidism, decreased bone mineral density, transient alopecia; seizures (rare); pseudotumor cerebri in children.
Generic availability: YES
How supplied: Tabs--100
Source Citation
"8C Thyroid disease." MPR [Pharmacists' Edition] Winter 2010: 153+. Academic OneFile. Web. 14 Dec. 2010.
Document URL
http://find.galegroup.com/gps/infomark.do?&contentSet=IAC-Documents&type=retrieve&tabID=T003&prodId=IPS&docId=A243799218&source=gale&srcprod=AONE&userGroupName=18551_mcpls&version=1.0
Gale Document Number:A243799218
Disclaimer:This information is not a tool for self-diagnosis or a substitute for professional care.
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